问题 4. 我患有白癜风：我的孩子也会患吗?

2019-1-30 13:41| 发布者: xiaos| 查看: 621| 评论: 0

摘要: 问题 4. 我患有白癜风：我的孩子也会患吗?

Question 4. I have vitiligo: will my children have vitiligo too?	问题 4. 我患有白癜风：我的孩子也会患吗?
Key points	要点
•Be optimistic! If you have vitiligo, most probably your children will not have vitiligo.	•要乐观!如果你患有白癜风，你的孩子很有可能不会患白癜风。
•The genetic component in vitiligo is weak and quite inconsistent.	•白癜风的遗传因素作用不是很强且不总是发挥作用。
•If I have vitiligo, it is possible that all my relatives may have increased probability of developing vitiligo.	•如果我患有白癜风，我所有的亲戚发展为白癜风的几率可能会增加。
•Identical twins have only 23% concordance of developing vitiligo: this means that the pure genetic component of the disease is not really dominant.	•同卵双胞胎只有 23%的概率同时发展白癜风：这意味着纯遗传因素不起支配作用。
•Most cases of vitiligo are sporadic, thus it is not necessary that children of parents with vitiligo will also develop vitiligo.	•大多数的白癜风病例是散发的，因此白癜风患者的孩子不一定也患白癜风。
•In less than 20% of vitiligo patients are close relatives affected.	•不到 20%的白癜风患者的近亲患病。
Answer	解答

Although most cases of vitiligo are sporadic, familial clustering is not uncommon, and up to 20% of patients report to having affected relatives. In Caucasians, the lifetime frequency of vitiligo among patients’ siblings is 6.1%, an 18-fold increase over the studied population. The frequency of vitiligo among first degree relatives in Caucasian, Indo - Pakistani, and Hispanic populations is 7.1%, 6.1%, and 4.8%, respectively, compared to an estimated worldwide frequency of 0.14% to 2%.	虽然大多数情况下的白癜风是散发的，家族聚集并不少见，高达 20%的患者称有患病亲属。在高加索人中，患者的兄弟姐妹中白癜风的一生患病率的是 6.1%，比筛查人群高出 18 倍。与估计的世界范围的发病率为 0.14%到 2%相比，一级亲属中白癜风的患病率在高加索人、印度-巴基斯坦人和西班牙裔人口中分别为 7.1%，6.1%和 4.8%。
Epidemiological studies indicate that vitiligo is inherited in a multi-factorial pattern. Identical twins with identical DNA have only a 23%	流行病学研究表明，白癜风是多因素的遗传模式。具有相同 DNA 的同卵双胞胎共同发展白癜风的概率只有 23%。
concordance in developing vitiligo, suggesting a significant non-genetic component in the disease.	表明此病有明显的非遗传因素。
Familial clustering of generalized vitiligo with other autoimmune diseases is compelling evidence for an autoimmune predisposition, a common underlying genetic susceptibility to an immunological aberrancy Among vitiligo patients, 20% report thyroid disease (an 8-fold increase over the general population), particularly hypothyroidism. Similarly, there is an increased frequency in other forms of autoimmune diseases and autoimmune disorders of the endocrine system (see later on).	泛发型白癜风伴发其它自身免疫性疾病的家族性聚集是自身免疫性倾向的引人注目的证据，在白癜风父母中常见潜在的免疫异常的遗传易感性。20%的白癜风患者中报告有甲状腺疾病（比一般人群增加了 8 倍），特别是甲状腺功能减退。同样，其他形式的自身免疫性疾病和内分泌系统的自身免疫性疾病的频率也增加（见后文）。