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•In conclusion, generalized and universal vitiligo per se, require
the investigation of thyroid
disorders and other autoimmune diseases, as well as ophthalmologic and auditory investigations.
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•总之，泛发型和全身型的白癜风患者本身 需要检查甲状腺疾病和自身免疫性疾病， 同时也需检查眼科和耳科疾病的检查。
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After the diagnosis of vitiligo, a full body skin examination is necessary in order to evaluate the specific form
of the disease. Thyrotropin (thyroid- stimulating hormone) levels, antinuclear antibody titer, and a complete blood count should be considered for all generalized forms of vitiligo, especially when prompted by signs or symptoms. Antithyroidperoxidase antibodies and/or antithyroglobulin antibody tests may also be worthwhile. They are mandatory, if any signs of thyroid disease
are present.
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在确诊白癜风后，为确定其类型，全身皮肤
的查体是必要的。对所有泛发型的白癜风， 应考虑检验促甲状腺素 (甲状腺刺激激素) 水平、抗核抗体滴度、血常规，特别是在有 相应的症状或体征提示可能存在这类疾病 时。抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体和抗甲状腺球 蛋白抗体检测也值得检测。若存在甲状腺疾
病，则必须要行这两项检验。
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The evaluation of possible associated disorders is
mandatory in all generalized forms of vitiligo. In these cases all autoimmune diseases should be screened, as well as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pernicious anemia and diabetes. Ophthalmologic and auditory investigations can be useful, because melanocytes are present both in the eye and in the
inner ear.
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对所有泛发型的白癜风，评估其可能存在的 相关疾病是必要的。在这些病例中，应该筛 查所有的自身免疫性疾病，也包括特应性皮
炎、银屑病、恶性贫血和糖尿病。眼科和耳 科的检查也是有意义的，因为黑色素同时存 在于在眼睛和内耳中。
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