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问题 10. 皮肤发白和色素减退斑：我如何知道这是什么?

2019-1-30 13:44| 发布者: xiaos| 查看: 1028| 评论: 0

摘要: 问题 10. 皮肤发白和色素减退斑：我如何知道这是什么?

Question 10. Whitish and depigmented patches on skin: how can I know what

they are?

•Key points

•要点

• Not all whitish patches on the skin are vitiligo.

•并不是所有皮肤发白的斑片都是白癜风。

•Depigmented patches on the skin, other than vitiligo, are named leukodermas; they can be “occupational”.

•除了白癜风，皮肤色素脱失斑可被称为白斑病，它们可能是“职业相关”的。

• Occupational and drug-related forms of depigmentation can be manifested as vitiligo.

•职业性或药物相关性的色素脱失可表现为白癜风。

•Common disorders with similar manifestation include Nevus Depigmentosus, Piebaldism, etc.

•常见的与白癜风症状相似的疾病包括无色素痣、斑驳病等。

•Answer

•解答

No, not all white patches are vitiligo, but white patches resembling vitiligo are not unusual on human skin. They are called leukodermas. Chemical leukoderma can be induced by dyes, perfumes, detergents, cleansers, insecticides, rubber condoms, rubber slippers, black socks and shoes, eyeliners, lipliners, lipsticks, toothpaste, antiseptics with phenolic derivatives, and mercuric iodide-containing ‘‘germicidal’’ soap.

不是所有的白斑都是白癜风。但是，类似白癜风的皮肤白斑并不罕见，我们称之为皮肤白斑病。化学性的白斑病可能由含酚衍生物的染料、香水、洗涤剂、杀虫剂、橡胶避孕套、橡胶拖鞋、黑色丝袜和鞋子、眼线膏、唇线膏、口红、牙膏、防腐剂、碘化汞的杀菌皂等诱发。

Occupational vitiligo may occur in those individuals who work with depigmenting substances, such as hydroquinone, para-tertiary butyl catechol, para-tertiary butyl phenol, para-tertiary amyl phenol, and hydroquinone monomethyl ether.

职业性的白癜风可能发生在工作中接触脱色素类物（例如：氢醌、对三丁基邻苯二酚，对三丁基苯酚、对三戊基苯酚和氢醌一甲基醚）的个体中。

Depigmentation has also been reported in shoemakers and after contact with arsenic containing compounds. Nevus depigmentosus is a segmental hypopigmentation detectable in the first year of life and stable in size in proportion to the child’s growth. With a Wood’s lamp, the contrast between lesional and normal skin is less marked than in vitiligo. Piebaldism is an autosomal dominant disease presenting at birth, with anterior midline depigmentation and a white forelock (poliosis). Many other types of leukoderma have been described. The diagnosis and treatment of leukodermas requiress an expert approach. The only way to know if a depigmented patch on the skin is vitiligo or not is to consult a Dermatologist with special interest in Pigmentary Disorders of the skin.

也有报道在鞋匠和接触过砷化合物的人群出现色素脱失。无色素痣是一种局部色素减少，可在出生第一年检测到，大小随儿童生长，但比例恒定。在 Wood 灯下，其正常皮肤与病变部位的对比，较白癜风不明显。斑驳病是一种常染色体显性遗传病，出生时即出现前正中线色素脱失，伴有额部白色毛发。许多其他类型的白斑病也被描述过。皮肤白斑病的诊断和治疗需要专业方法。唯一判别皮肤上的白斑是否为白癜风的最好方法是咨询对皮肤色素疾病有相关研究的皮肤科医师。